The Easiest Programming Language?

[Matt]

Whats harder to learn Java ore C++?

Java is the easiest, because C++ doesn't really have a standard compiler, linker or API. For example, downloading a file in Java would mean using a simple method from the API but doing this in C++ would mean writing your own method of downloading a file using sockets.

But in the end C++ produces a better application which can be run as an executable file and also doesn't rely on the JVM.

[CrnJacKer]

Thanks for voting, but Batch isn't a PG language?






-CrnJacKer

[Clzer232]

C++

[Matt]

Thanks for voting, but Batch isn't a PG language?

Nope it's just a shell script.

[MP]

Thanks for voting, but Batch isn't a PG language?

Nope it's just a shell script.

Not a shell script either, its a shell script for linux comps but just plain old script. Its also  even called some thing like shell in linux too.

[jensie]

I voted batch, but IMO you can't compare batch-coding to programming Java/C++ or W/E.


Now that I think of it... JUST BASIC is an easy language to!

[spankjava]

Batch isn't a programming language.

[©Steven©]

People that voted for Java are wrong.

Example:

Code: [Select]

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.DisplayMode;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration;
import java.awt.GraphicsDevice;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.Window;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.awt.image.BufferStrategy;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.LinkedList;

import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JFrame;

/**
 * A simple keyboard test. Displays keys pressed and released to the screen.
 * Useful for debugging key input, too.
 */
public class KeyTest extends GameCore implements KeyListener {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    new KeyTest().run();
  }

  private LinkedList messages = new LinkedList();

  public void init() {
    super.init();

    Window window = screen.getFullScreenWindow();

    // allow input of the TAB key and other keys normally
    // used for focus traversal
    window.setFocusTraversalKeysEnabled(false);

    // register this object as a key listener for the window
    window.addKeyListener(this);

    addMessage("KeyInputTest. Press Escape to exit");
  }

  // a method from the KeyListner interface
  public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
    int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();

    // exit the program
    if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE) {
      stop();
    } else {
      addMessage("Pressed: " + KeyEvent.getKeyText(keyCode));

      // make sure the key isn't processed for anything else
      e.consume();
    }
  }

  // a method from the KeyListner interface
  public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
    int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
    addMessage("Released: " + KeyEvent.getKeyText(keyCode));

    // make sure the key isn't processed for anything else
    e.consume();
  }

  // a method from the KeyListener interface
  public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
    // this is called after the key is released - ignore it
    // make sure the key isn't processed for anything else
    e.consume();
  }

  /**
   * Add a message to the list of messages.
   */
  public synchronized void addMessage(String message) {
    messages.add(message);
    if (messages.size() >= screen.getHeight() / FONT_SIZE) {
      messages.remove(0);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Draw the list of messages
   */
  public synchronized void draw(Graphics2D g) {

    Window window = screen.getFullScreenWindow();

    g.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING,
        RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_ON);

    // draw background
    g.setColor(window.getBackground());
    g.fillRect(0, 0, screen.getWidth(), screen.getHeight());

    // draw messages
    g.setColor(window.getForeground());
    int y = FONT_SIZE;
    for (int i = 0; i < messages.size(); i++) {
      g.drawString((String) messages.get(i), 5, y);
      y += FONT_SIZE;
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Simple abstract class used for testing. Subclasses should implement the
 * draw() method.
 */

abstract class GameCore {

  protected static final int FONT_SIZE = 24;

  private static final DisplayMode POSSIBLE_MODES[] = {
      new DisplayMode(800, 600, 32, 0), new DisplayMode(800, 600, 24, 0),
      new DisplayMode(800, 600, 16, 0), new DisplayMode(640, 480, 32, 0),
      new DisplayMode(640, 480, 24, 0), new DisplayMode(640, 480, 16, 0) };

  private boolean isRunning;

  protected ScreenManager screen;

  /**
   * Signals the game loop that it's time to quit
   */
  public void stop() {
    isRunning = false;
  }

  /**
   * Calls init() and gameLoop()
   */
  public void run() {
    try {
      init();
      gameLoop();
    } finally {
      screen.restoreScreen();
    }
  }

  /**
   * Sets full screen mode and initiates and objects.
   */
  public void init() {
    screen = new ScreenManager();
    DisplayMode displayMode = screen
        .findFirstCompatibleMode(POSSIBLE_MODES);
    screen.setFullScreen(displayMode);

    Window window = screen.getFullScreenWindow();
    window.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, FONT_SIZE));
    window.setBackground(Color.blue);
    window.setForeground(Color.white);

    isRunning = true;
  }

  public Image loadImage(String fileName) {
    return new ImageIcon(fileName).getImage();
  }

  /**
   * Runs through the game loop until stop() is called.
   */
  public void gameLoop() {
    long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    long currTime = startTime;

    while (isRunning) {
      long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - currTime;
      currTime += elapsedTime;

      // update
      update(elapsedTime);

      // draw the screen
      Graphics2D g = screen.getGraphics();
      draw(g);
      g.dispose();
      screen.update();

      // take a nap
      try {
        Thread.sleep(20);
      } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Updates the state of the game/animation based on the amount of elapsed
   * time that has passed.
   */
  public void update(long elapsedTime) {
    // do nothing
  }

  /**
   * Draws to the screen. Subclasses must override this method.
   */
  public abstract void draw(Graphics2D g);
}

/**
 * The ScreenManager class manages initializing and displaying full screen
 * graphics modes.
 */

class ScreenManager {

  private GraphicsDevice device;

  /**
   * Creates a new ScreenManager object.
   */
  public ScreenManager() {
    GraphicsEnvironment environment = GraphicsEnvironment
        .getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();
    device = environment.getDefaultScreenDevice();
  }

  /**
   * Returns a list of compatible display modes for the default device on the
   * system.
   */
  public DisplayMode[] getCompatibleDisplayModes() {
    return device.getDisplayModes();
  }

  /**
   * Returns the first compatible mode in a list of modes. Returns null if no
   * modes are compatible.
   */
  public DisplayMode findFirstCompatibleMode(DisplayMode modes[]) {
    DisplayMode goodModes[] = device.getDisplayModes();
    for (int i = 0; i < modes.length; i++) {
      for (int j = 0; j < goodModes.length; j++) {
        if (displayModesMatch(modes, goodModes[j])) {
          return modes;
        }
      }

    }

    return null;
  }

  /**
   * Returns the current display mode.
   */
  public DisplayMode getCurrentDisplayMode() {
    return device.getDisplayMode();
  }

  /**
   * Determines if two display modes "match". Two display modes match if they
   * have the same resolution, bit depth, and refresh rate. The bit depth is
   * ignored if one of the modes has a bit depth of
   * DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI. Likewise, the refresh rate is ignored if one
   * of the modes has a refresh rate of DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN.
   */
  public boolean displayModesMatch(DisplayMode mode1, DisplayMode mode2)

  {
    if (mode1.getWidth() != mode2.getWidth()
        || mode1.getHeight() != mode2.getHeight()) {
      return false;
    }

    if (mode1.getBitDepth() != DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI
        && mode2.getBitDepth() != DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI
        && mode1.getBitDepth() != mode2.getBitDepth()) {
      return false;
    }

    if (mode1.getRefreshRate() != DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN
        && mode2.getRefreshRate() != DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN
        && mode1.getRefreshRate() != mode2.getRefreshRate()) {
      return false;
    }

    return true;
  }

  /**
   * Enters full screen mode and changes the display mode. If the specified
   * display mode is null or not compatible with this device, or if the
   * display mode cannot be changed on this system, the current display mode
   * is used.
   * <p>
   * The display uses a BufferStrategy with 2 buffers.
   */
  public void setFullScreen(DisplayMode displayMode) {
    final JFrame frame = new JFrame();
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    frame.setUndecorated(true);
    frame.setIgnoreRepaint(true);
    frame.setResizable(false);

    device.setFullScreenWindow(frame);

    if (displayMode != null && device.isDisplayChangeSupported()) {
      try {
        device.setDisplayMode(displayMode);
      } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
      }
      // fix for mac os x
      frame.setSize(displayMode.getWidth(), displayMode.getHeight());
    }
    // avoid potential deadlock in 1.4.1_02
    try {
      EventQueue.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() {
        public void run() {
          frame.createBufferStrategy(2);
        }
      });
    } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
      // ignore
    } catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
      // ignore
    }

  }

  /**
   * Gets the graphics context for the display. The ScreenManager uses double
   * buffering, so applications must call update() to show any graphics drawn.
   * <p>
   * The application must dispose of the graphics object.
   */
  public Graphics2D getGraphics() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      BufferStrategy strategy = window.getBufferStrategy();
      return (Graphics2D) strategy.getDrawGraphics();
    } else {
      return null;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Updates the display.
   */
  public void update() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      BufferStrategy strategy = window.getBufferStrategy();
      if (!strategy.contentsLost()) {
        strategy.show();
      }
    }
    // Sync the display on some systems.
    // (on Linux, this fixes event queue problems)
    Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().sync();
  }

  /**
   * Returns the window currently used in full screen mode. Returns null if
   * the device is not in full screen mode.
   */
  public JFrame getFullScreenWindow() {
    return (JFrame) device.getFullScreenWindow();
  }

  /**
   * Returns the width of the window currently used in full screen mode.
   * Returns 0 if the device is not in full screen mode.
   */
  public int getWidth() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      return window.getWidth();
    } else {
      return 0;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Returns the height of the window currently used in full screen mode.
   * Returns 0 if the device is not in full screen mode.
   */
  public int getHeight() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      return window.getHeight();
    } else {
      return 0;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Restores the screen's display mode.
   */
  public void restoreScreen() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      window.dispose();
    }
    device.setFullScreenWindow(null);
  }

  /**
   * Creates an image compatible with the current display.
   */
  public BufferedImage createCompatibleImage(int w, int h, int transparancy) {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      GraphicsConfiguration gc = window.getGraphicsConfiguration();
      return gc.createCompatibleImage(w, h, transparancy);
    }
    return null;
  }
}

You're saying it's easy ^_^.

[MP]

People that voted for Java are wrong.

Example:

Code: [Select]

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.DisplayMode;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration;
import java.awt.GraphicsDevice;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.Window;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.awt.image.BufferStrategy;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.LinkedList;

import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JFrame;

/**
 * A simple keyboard test. Displays keys pressed and released to the screen.
 * Useful for debugging key input, too.
 */
public class KeyTest extends GameCore implements KeyListener {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    new KeyTest().run();
  }

  private LinkedList messages = new LinkedList();

  public void init() {
    super.init();

    Window window = screen.getFullScreenWindow();

    // allow input of the TAB key and other keys normally
    // used for focus traversal
    window.setFocusTraversalKeysEnabled(false);

    // register this object as a key listener for the window
    window.addKeyListener(this);

    addMessage("KeyInputTest. Press Escape to exit");
  }

  // a method from the KeyListner interface
  public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
    int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();

    // exit the program
    if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE) {
      stop();
    } else {
      addMessage("Pressed: " + KeyEvent.getKeyText(keyCode));

      // make sure the key isn't processed for anything else
      e.consume();
    }
  }

  // a method from the KeyListner interface
  public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
    int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
    addMessage("Released: " + KeyEvent.getKeyText(keyCode));

    // make sure the key isn't processed for anything else
    e.consume();
  }

  // a method from the KeyListener interface
  public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
    // this is called after the key is released - ignore it
    // make sure the key isn't processed for anything else
    e.consume();
  }

  /**
   * Add a message to the list of messages.
   */
  public synchronized void addMessage(String message) {
    messages.add(message);
    if (messages.size() >= screen.getHeight() / FONT_SIZE) {
      messages.remove(0);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Draw the list of messages
   */
  public synchronized void draw(Graphics2D g) {

    Window window = screen.getFullScreenWindow();

    g.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING,
        RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_ON);

    // draw background
    g.setColor(window.getBackground());
    g.fillRect(0, 0, screen.getWidth(), screen.getHeight());

    // draw messages
    g.setColor(window.getForeground());
    int y = FONT_SIZE;
    for (int i = 0; i < messages.size(); i++) {
      g.drawString((String) messages.get(i), 5, y);
      y += FONT_SIZE;
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Simple abstract class used for testing. Subclasses should implement the
 * draw() method.
 */

abstract class GameCore {

  protected static final int FONT_SIZE = 24;

  private static final DisplayMode POSSIBLE_MODES[] = {
      new DisplayMode(800, 600, 32, 0), new DisplayMode(800, 600, 24, 0),
      new DisplayMode(800, 600, 16, 0), new DisplayMode(640, 480, 32, 0),
      new DisplayMode(640, 480, 24, 0), new DisplayMode(640, 480, 16, 0) };

  private boolean isRunning;

  protected ScreenManager screen;

  /**
   * Signals the game loop that it's time to quit
   */
  public void stop() {
    isRunning = false;
  }

  /**
   * Calls init() and gameLoop()
   */
  public void run() {
    try {
      init();
      gameLoop();
    } finally {
      screen.restoreScreen();
    }
  }

  /**
   * Sets full screen mode and initiates and objects.
   */
  public void init() {
    screen = new ScreenManager();
    DisplayMode displayMode = screen
        .findFirstCompatibleMode(POSSIBLE_MODES);
    screen.setFullScreen(displayMode);

    Window window = screen.getFullScreenWindow();
    window.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.PLAIN, FONT_SIZE));
    window.setBackground(Color.blue);
    window.setForeground(Color.white);

    isRunning = true;
  }

  public Image loadImage(String fileName) {
    return new ImageIcon(fileName).getImage();
  }

  /**
   * Runs through the game loop until stop() is called.
   */
  public void gameLoop() {
    long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    long currTime = startTime;

    while (isRunning) {
      long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - currTime;
      currTime += elapsedTime;

      // update
      update(elapsedTime);

      // draw the screen
      Graphics2D g = screen.getGraphics();
      draw(g);
      g.dispose();
      screen.update();

      // take a nap
      try {
        Thread.sleep(20);
      } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Updates the state of the game/animation based on the amount of elapsed
   * time that has passed.
   */
  public void update(long elapsedTime) {
    // do nothing
  }

  /**
   * Draws to the screen. Subclasses must override this method.
   */
  public abstract void draw(Graphics2D g);
}

/**
 * The ScreenManager class manages initializing and displaying full screen
 * graphics modes.
 */

class ScreenManager {

  private GraphicsDevice device;

  /**
   * Creates a new ScreenManager object.
   */
  public ScreenManager() {
    GraphicsEnvironment environment = GraphicsEnvironment
        .getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();
    device = environment.getDefaultScreenDevice();
  }

  /**
   * Returns a list of compatible display modes for the default device on the
   * system.
   */
  public DisplayMode[] getCompatibleDisplayModes() {
    return device.getDisplayModes();
  }

  /**
   * Returns the first compatible mode in a list of modes. Returns null if no
   * modes are compatible.
   */
  public DisplayMode findFirstCompatibleMode(DisplayMode modes[]) {
    DisplayMode goodModes[] = device.getDisplayModes();
    for (int i = 0; i < modes.length; i++) {
      for (int j = 0; j < goodModes.length; j++) {
        if (displayModesMatch(modes, goodModes[j])) {
          return modes;
        }
      }

    }

    return null;
  }

  /**
   * Returns the current display mode.
   */
  public DisplayMode getCurrentDisplayMode() {
    return device.getDisplayMode();
  }

  /**
   * Determines if two display modes "match". Two display modes match if they
   * have the same resolution, bit depth, and refresh rate. The bit depth is
   * ignored if one of the modes has a bit depth of
   * DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI. Likewise, the refresh rate is ignored if one
   * of the modes has a refresh rate of DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN.
   */
  public boolean displayModesMatch(DisplayMode mode1, DisplayMode mode2)

  {
    if (mode1.getWidth() != mode2.getWidth()
        || mode1.getHeight() != mode2.getHeight()) {
      return false;
    }

    if (mode1.getBitDepth() != DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI
        && mode2.getBitDepth() != DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI
        && mode1.getBitDepth() != mode2.getBitDepth()) {
      return false;
    }

    if (mode1.getRefreshRate() != DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN
        && mode2.getRefreshRate() != DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN
        && mode1.getRefreshRate() != mode2.getRefreshRate()) {
      return false;
    }

    return true;
  }

  /**
   * Enters full screen mode and changes the display mode. If the specified
   * display mode is null or not compatible with this device, or if the
   * display mode cannot be changed on this system, the current display mode
   * is used.
   * <p>
   * The display uses a BufferStrategy with 2 buffers.
   */
  public void setFullScreen(DisplayMode displayMode) {
    final JFrame frame = new JFrame();
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    frame.setUndecorated(true);
    frame.setIgnoreRepaint(true);
    frame.setResizable(false);

    device.setFullScreenWindow(frame);

    if (displayMode != null && device.isDisplayChangeSupported()) {
      try {
        device.setDisplayMode(displayMode);
      } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
      }
      // fix for mac os x
      frame.setSize(displayMode.getWidth(), displayMode.getHeight());
    }
    // avoid potential deadlock in 1.4.1_02
    try {
      EventQueue.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() {
        public void run() {
          frame.createBufferStrategy(2);
        }
      });
    } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
      // ignore
    } catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
      // ignore
    }

  }

  /**
   * Gets the graphics context for the display. The ScreenManager uses double
   * buffering, so applications must call update() to show any graphics drawn.
   * <p>
   * The application must dispose of the graphics object.
   */
  public Graphics2D getGraphics() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      BufferStrategy strategy = window.getBufferStrategy();
      return (Graphics2D) strategy.getDrawGraphics();
    } else {
      return null;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Updates the display.
   */
  public void update() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      BufferStrategy strategy = window.getBufferStrategy();
      if (!strategy.contentsLost()) {
        strategy.show();
      }
    }
    // Sync the display on some systems.
    // (on Linux, this fixes event queue problems)
    Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().sync();
  }

  /**
   * Returns the window currently used in full screen mode. Returns null if
   * the device is not in full screen mode.
   */
  public JFrame getFullScreenWindow() {
    return (JFrame) device.getFullScreenWindow();
  }

  /**
   * Returns the width of the window currently used in full screen mode.
   * Returns 0 if the device is not in full screen mode.
   */
  public int getWidth() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      return window.getWidth();
    } else {
      return 0;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Returns the height of the window currently used in full screen mode.
   * Returns 0 if the device is not in full screen mode.
   */
  public int getHeight() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      return window.getHeight();
    } else {
      return 0;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Restores the screen's display mode.
   */
  public void restoreScreen() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      window.dispose();
    }
    device.setFullScreenWindow(null);
  }

  /**
   * Creates an image compatible with the current display.
   */
  public BufferedImage createCompatibleImage(int w, int h, int transparancy) {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      GraphicsConfiguration gc = window.getGraphicsConfiguration();
      return gc.createCompatibleImage(w, h, transparancy);
    }
    return null;
  }
}

You're saying it's easy ^_^.

thats got 3 errors just to let you know

[©Steven©]

I didn't write it.

It was a example of that java isn't easy.